Shilajit is a black, sticky substance primarily secreted from the rocks of the Himalayas. Its Sanskrit name, शिलाजतु, translates to "conqueror of rock, expeller of weakness." Renowned in Ayurvedic medicine for its rich mineral content, this high-altitude exudate is believed to enhance physical strength, restore vitality, and promote overall health.

Shilajit is believed to form through the gradual decomposition of plant material, including white clover, and various fungi, facilitated by a diverse array of microorganisms over extended periods, potentially spanning centuries. However, the exact origins of shilajit remain a subject of debate. While some propose geological processes such as the melting of metals like gold, silver, copper, and iron, others speculate a biological origin, including animal excrement. Despite these varying theories, the majority of literature suggests that decaying plant matter is the primary source of shilajit.

Shilajit is composed of a complex array of chemical constituents, primarily including humic acid, fulvic acid, dibenzo-α-pyrone, proteins, and over 80 minerals. Humic substances, including fulvic acid, are decomposition products and represent the major bioactive compounds found in shilajit, constituting approximately 60-80% of its total composition. Fulvic acid, a small molecule, is readily absorbed in the intestinal tract. It is renowned for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Additionally, dibenzo-α-pyrone, also known as DAP or DBP, is an organic compound that also provides antioxidant activity. Other molecules present in shilajit include fatty acids, triterpenes, sterols, amino acids, and polyphenols, with variations observed based on the region of origin.


Traditional Uses of shilajit

Throughout history, shilajit has played a pivotal role in traditional medical systems such as Ayurveda. In Ayurvedic medicine, shilajit is considered an effective natural remedy with a wide range of benefits. It is referred to as a "rasayana," meaning "rejuvenator," and is believed to prevent diseases and enhance quality of life. Traditionally, it has been used to enhance physical strength and is renowned for promoting longevity, anti-aging, and preventing diseases through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a cornerstone of Ayurvedic practices.

For centuries, its therapeutic potential has been recognized and utilized. In Nepal and northern India, shilajit is a dietary staple, often consumed for its health benefits. Common traditional uses include aiding digestion, supporting urinary tract health, treating epilepsy, alleviating chronic bronchitis, and combating anemia. Additionally, its adaptogenic properties help to mitigate stress and boost vitality. Ayurvedic practitioners have used it to treat diabetes, gallbladder disorders, kidney stones, neurological diseases, and menstrual irregularities. The claimed benefits are vast, reflecting its enduring reputation as a valuable natural resource.

The efficacy of shilajit is becoming increasingly supported by scientific research, with studies emerging across multiple disciplines.


Energy and Mitochondrial Function

As we age, our mitochondria (the powerhouses of our cells) become less efficient at producing energy (ATP), which can contribute to various health problems, accelerate aging, and promote oxidative stress. This decline is often linked to deficiencies in certain natural compounds, such as coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a potent antioxidant, and dibenzo-α-pyrone (DBP), a metabolite of gut bacteria. Combining shilajit, which contains DBP, with CoQ10 is believed to enhance cellular energy production and protect cells from damage caused by harmful molecules. This combination has shown promise in improving cellular energy production, potentially supporting overall health and vitality as we age.

A 2019 study investigated the effects of shilajit supplementation on muscle strength and fatigue. Active males were given either 250 mg, 500 mg of shilajit, or a placebo daily for 8 weeks. Results showed that those who took the higher dose of shilajit experienced better preservation of muscle strength after fatiguing exercise compared to those who took the lower dose or placebo. However, larger human studies are needed to confirm these findings.


Cognitive Function

Research into the effects of shilajit on cognitive functions such as memory and attention is expanding. Alzheimer's disease (AD), a debilitating condition with no known cure, has led scientists to explore shilajit, a substance extracted from the Andes Mountains, for its potential brain-protective properties. In a recent study, researchers investigated how shilajit affects brain cells in laboratory cultures. They found that certain extracts of shilajit could promote brain cell growth and reduce the accumulation and tangling of harmful tau proteins, a key feature of AD.

Another study focused on fulvic acid, a major active compound in shilajit. Research has shown that fulvic acid can prevent the formation of abnormal tau proteins in laboratory cultures and break them down after they form. These findings suggest that fulvic acid may have therapeutic potential for AD. While these results indicate that shilajit has the potential to protect and repair the brain, further studies in live human subjects are needed.


Heart Health

Shilajit, renowned for its antioxidant properties, has been suggested to offer potential benefits for cardiovascular health. In a study involving healthy volunteers, daily supplementation with 2 grams of shilajit for 45 days did not significantly affect blood pressure or heart rate compared to a placebo. However, it was observed that serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels were significantly reduced, while high-density lipoprotein (“good”) cholesterol levels were improved. Additionally, shilajit enhanced the antioxidant status of participants, increasing levels of key antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as vitamins E and C. These findings suggest that the fulvic acid content of shilajit possesses potent antioxidant activity and may have lipid-lowering and cardioprotective effects.

A 2022 study involving postmenopausal women, a population at higher risk of heart disease, indicated that shilajit supplementation reduced markers of oxidative stress and increased glutathione, a powerful antioxidant molecule. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which shilajit may act as a potential therapy for heart health.


Male Fertility

Emerging research suggests that shilajit may offer potential benefits for male fertility. In a 2015 clinical study, researchers evaluated the effects of shilajit on androgen levels in healthy males aged 45-55. Participants received either 250 mg of shilajit or a placebo twice daily for 90 days. Results showed that compared to the placebo group, total testosterone, free testosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels were significantly increased in the shilajit group. Shilajit demonstrated superior testosterone synthesis and secretion properties compared to placebo, which may be attributed to its active component, dibenzo-α-pyrone (DBP). Other studies have found that shilajit can improve sperm production and motility in men with low sperm counts.


Immune Support

Shilajit has also been found to have a positive impact on the immune system and inflammation. The complement system, a crucial part of the immune system, helps fight infections and eliminate harmful substances from the body. However, if this system becomes overactive, it can lead to tissue damage. While therapies aim to control this process, repairing the complement system has been proposed as a strategy for treating inflammatory diseases. Studies have shown that shilajit interacts with the complement system, enhancing innate immunity and modulating the inflammatory response, resulting in an immune-boosting effect.

Shilajit also exhibits anti-inflammatory properties and has been shown to lower levels of the inflammatory marker high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.


How to Use Shilajit

Safety first and choosing a quality product is crucial when using shilajit.

Before starting any new supplement regimen, it is essential to consult your trusted healthcare professional, especially if you have pre-existing health conditions or are taking medications.

Shilajit is available in various forms, including powder, capsules, and purified resin. Doses can range from 200-2,000 mg per day. Most commonly, 500 mg per day (divided into two doses) is used. Starting with a lower dose and gradually increasing it over time can be a prudent choice to assess how your body feels.

Since the exact chemical composition of shilajit can vary based on geographic region, the effects on the body may also differ. It is best to use standardized products that specify the content of active ingredients, including fulvic acid and DBP.

Third-party testing from verified, accredited laboratories and certificates of analysis can help consumers verify quality. Be sure to check the label to ensure the product does not contain any allergens or unnecessary additives.

By following these guidelines and using shilajit responsibly, you can safely incorporate it into your health routine to potentially reap its benefits.


Potential side effects and precautions

While studies conducted to date are limited, shilajit appears to be generally safe, but toxicity evidence is scarce. Potential side effects such as stomach upset, heartburn, dizziness, or headache may occur. Due to the lack of comprehensive evidence and large-scale studies, caution is advised for pregnant, breastfeeding, or allergic individuals.

It is important to avoid using shilajit as a dietary supplement that has not been properly purified and processed, as it may contain toxins or heavy metals.

In one study, a 3-month intervention with a 200 mg daily dose was observed to slightly decrease serum creatinine and increase hemoglobin and white blood cell counts. The increase in hemoglobin levels may be attributed to the iron content of shilajit, as well as the ability of fulvic acid to enhance iron absorption. Therefore, individuals with hemochromatosis should avoid using shilajit.


Incorporating Hilfiger into your daily health routine

Here are some suggestions on how to incorporate shilajit into your daily wellness routine:

Choose the form that best suits your lifestyle. While capsules may be the most convenient, resin or powder can be mixed into smoothies or other beverages.

Start with a low dose and assess how your body feels. Only increase the dosage if it is well-tolerated.

Follow the recommended dosage guidelines on the supplement label. Consult with your healthcare professional for personalized guidance, especially if you are taking other supplements or medications. No drug interactions with shilajit have been definitively established.

Listen to your body. If you experience any side effects, discontinue use immediately and consult your doctor.

Practice healthy lifestyle habits for optimal results. Stay hydrated, eat a balanced diet, exercise regularly, and prioritize sleep.


Shilajit has long been used in traditional medicine for its rejuvenating properties, renowned for boosting physical strength, vitality, longevity, and stress relief.

Scientific research supports its promising health benefits, including improved energy production, cognitive function, heart health, male fertility, and immune support. However, more extensive human trials are needed to confirm these claims.

The information provided should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor or other qualified healthcare provider before taking any dietary supplements or making changes to your diet or exercise routine.